Variaciones de alfa-amilasa salival relacionadas con edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal en estudiantes universitarios

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15381/os.v27i1.25795

Palabras clave:

Alfa-Amilasas, Saliva, Índice de Masa Corporal, Adulto Joven

Resumen

Objetivo. Determinar la presencia y dirección de la relación entre alfa-amilasa salival (AAs), edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal (IMC) en adultos jóvenes. Métodos. Este estudio transversal se desarrolló con una muestra de 50 estudiantes de odontología de 19 a 34 años de edad, 58% mujeres y 42% hombres. Se recogieron muestras de saliva entera sin estimular en la mañana (6:30-7:30 a.m.) y en la tarde (4:00-6:00 p.m.). Los valores de AAs se determinaron mediante método cinético y se expresaron como media ± desviación estándar. Se realizaron análisis descriptivo de datos, prueba de chi-cuadrado, prueba de correlación de Pearson y prueba t de muestras pareadas. Resultados. El IMC promedio fue de 23,85 ± 3,30 kg/m2, 66% de los participantes presentó peso normal (IMC ≤ 25 kg/m2). Los niveles de AAs por la tarde (282,74 ± 59,60 U/ml) fueron mayores a los de la mañana (190,84 ± 61,80 U/ml), (t = 16,51, p < 0,0001). Los hombres mostraron niveles de AAs más altos que las mujeres (p < 0,0001). La edad no mostró asociación con los niveles de AAs. Los valores de IMC y AAs presentaron una correlación positiva (AM: r = 0,35, p = 0,0121; PM: r = 0,40, p = 0,0036). Conclusión. El nivel de actividad de AAs se puede utilizar como posible biomarcador para evaluar el IMC en relación con el sexo, especialmente en los adultos jóvenes.

Descargas

Los datos de descarga aún no están disponibles.

Referencias

Carreras-Presas C, Aro K, Tu M, Garcia-Godoy F, Wong DT. Saliva diagnostics - Current views and directions. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2017;242(5):459-472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1535370216681550

Chojnowska S, Baran T, Wilińska I, Sienicka P, Cabaj-Wiater I, Knaś M. Human saliva as a diagnostic material. Adv Med Sci. 2018;63(1):185-191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advms.2017.11.002

van Stegeren AH, Wolf OT, Kindt M. Salivary alpha amylase and cortisol responses to different stress tasks: impact of sex. Int J Psychophysiol. 2008;69(1):33-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.02.008

Thoma MV, Joksimovic L, Kirschbaum C, Wolf JM, Rohleder N. Altered salivary alpha-amylase awakening response in Bosnian War refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012;37(6):810-817. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.09.013

AlMaummar M, AlThabit HO, Pani S. The impact of dental treatment and age on salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase levels of patients with varying degrees of dental anxiety. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1):211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-019-0901-7

Scannapieco FA, Torres G, Levine ML. Salivary alpha-amylase: role in dental plaque and caries formation. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med.1993;4(3-4):301-307. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10454411930040030701

Baum BJ. Principles of saliva secretion. Ann New York Acad Sci. 1993;694:17–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb18338.x

Nater UM, Rohleder N. Salivary alpha-amylase as a noninvasive biomarker for the sympathetic nervous system: current state of research. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009; 34(4):486-496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.01.014

Proctor GB, Carpenter GH. Regulation of salivary gland function by autonomic nerves. Auton Neurosci. 2007;133(1):3-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2006.10.006

Bosch JA, Veerman EC, de Geus EJ, Proctor GB. α-Amylase as a reliable and convenient measure of sympathetic activity: don’t start salivating just yet. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2011;36(4):449-453. DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.12.019

Cozma S, Ghiciuc CM, Damian L, Pasquali V, Saponaro A, Lupusoru EC, et al. Distinct activation of the sympathetic adreno-medullar system and hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis following the caloric vestibular test in healthy subjects. PLoS One. 2018;13(3):e0193963. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193963

Nater UM, Rohleder N, Schlotz W, Ehlert U, Kirschbaum C. Determinants of the diurnal course of salivary alpha-amylase. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007;32(4):392-401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.02.007

Ferguson DB, Fort A, Elliott AL, Potts AJ. Circadian rhythms in human parotid saliva flow rate and composition. Arch Oral Biol. 1973;18(9):1155-1173. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(73)90089-7

Jenzano JW, Brown CK, Mauriello SM. Temporal variations of glandular kallikrein, protein and amylase in mixed human saliva. Arch Oral Biol. 1987;32(10):757-759. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(87)90123-3

Rohleder N, Nater UM, Wolf JM, Ehlert U, Kirschbaum C. Psychosocial stress-induced activation of salivary alpha-amylase: an indicator of sympathetic activity? Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;1032(1):258-263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1314.033

Yamaguchi M, Deguchi M, Miyazaki Y. The effects of exercise in forest and urban environments on sympathetic nervous activity of normal young adults. J Int Med Res. 2006;34(2):152-159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/147323000603400204

Pedrelli P, Nyer M, Yeung A, Zulauf C, Wilens T. College Students: Mental Health Problems and Treatment Considerations. Acad Psychiatry. 2015;39(5):503-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40596-014-0205-9

Out D, Granger DA, Sephton SE, Segerstrom SC. Disentangling sources of individual differences in diurnal salivary α-amylase: reliability, stability and sensitivity to context. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013;38(3):367-375. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.06.013

Miller AL, Sturza J, Rosenblum K, Vazquez DM, Kaciroti N, Lumeng JC. Salivary alpha amylase diurnal pattern and stress response are associated with body mass index in low-income preschool-aged children. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;53:40-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.12.011

Helpman L, Penso J, Zagoory-Sharon O, Feldman R, Gilboa-Schechtman E. Endocrine and emotional response to exclusion among women and men; cortisol, salivary alpha amylase, and mood. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2017;30(3):253-263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2016.1269323

Veen G, Giltay EJ, Vreeburg SA, Licht CMM, Cobbaert CM, Zitman FG, et al. Determinants of salivary evening alpha-amylase in a large sample free of psychopathology. Int J Psychophysiol. 2012;84(1):33-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.01.005

Rohleder N, Nater UM. Determinants of salivary alpha-amylase in humans and methodological considerations. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009;34(4):469-485. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.12.004

Mennella I, Fogliano V, Vitaglione P. Salivary lipase and alpha-amylase activities are higher in overweight than in normal weight subjects: Influences on dietary behavior. Food Res Int. 2014;66:463-468. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2014.10.008

Perry GH, Dominy NJ, Claw KG, Lee AS, Fiegler H, Redon R, et al. Diet and the evolution of human amylase gene copy number variation. Nat Genet. 2007;39(10):1256-1260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng2123

Rukh G, Ericson U, Andersson-Assarsson J, Orho-Melander M, Sonestedt E. Dietary starch intake modifies the relation between copy number variation in the salivary amylase gene and BMI. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;106(1):256-262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.149831

Popkin B.M., Reardon T. Obesity and the food system transformation in Latin America. Obes Rev. 2018;19(8):1028-1064. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12694

Kovalskys I, Fisberg M, Gomez G, Pareja RG, Yepez Garcia MC, Cortes Sanabria LY, et al. Energy intake and food sources of eight Latin American countries: Results from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS) Public Health Nutr. 2018;21(14):2535-2547. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980018001222

Fisberg RM, Leme ACB, Previdelli AN, Mello AV, Arroyo AM, Hermes Sales C, et al. Contribution of food groups to energy, grams and nutrients-to-limit: The Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health/Estudio

Latino Americano de Nutricion y Salud (ELANS) Public Health Nutr. 2021;24(9):1-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S136898002100152X

Rantonen PJ, Meurman JH. Correlations between total protein, lysozyme, immunoglobulins, amylase, and albumin in stimulated whole saliva during daytime. Acta Odontol Scand. 2000;58(4):160-165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/000163500429154

Warth M, Stoffel M, Koehler F, Bardenheuer HJ, Kessler J, Ditzen B. Characteristics of salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase as psychobiological study outcomes in palliative care research. BMC Palliat Care. 2022;21(1):226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01085-1

Kobayashi H, Park BJ, Miyazaki Y. Normative references of heart rate variability and salivary alpha-amylase in a healthy young male population. J Physiol Anthropol. 2012;31(1):9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1880-6805-31-9

Descargas

Publicado

2024-03-28

Número

Sección

Artículos originales

Cómo citar

1.
Juárez RPA, Celía AC. Variaciones de alfa-amilasa salival relacionadas con edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal en estudiantes universitarios. Odontol Sanmarquina [Internet]. 2024 Mar. 28 [cited 2024 May 20];27(1):e25795. Available from: https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/odont/article/view/25795