Compresión de imágenes: Fundamentos, técnicas y formatos

Abstract

The work that is presented in this article is developed in the digital Processing of images area, specifically in the image compression for a brief description of the principal technologies and more used standard formats of image codification. The compression of images includes a set of techniques that are applied to the images to store them or to transmit them in an efficient way. Three forms are identified at least to reduce the number of redundant information in an image: to eliminate redundant code, to eliminate redundant pixels and to eliminate visual redundancy. In general the techniques of image compression can belong to two big classes: a) Without loss of information, lossless, and b) With loss of information, lossy. In lossless, is not permissible loss of information in the process of compression, for example in medical or legal images. Whereas, in other images it is possible to allow certain degree of loss, though supporting the quality of the image, with the purpose of optimizing the compression of images, for example in images of video conferences. Finally, there are hundreds of image formats, in this work more acquaintances are described.