ANATOMÍA MACROSCÓPICA DE LOS MÚSCULOS DEL CUELLO DE LA ALPACA (Lama pacos)

Abstract

This study was conducted in six adult alpacas (Huacaya breed) to establish anatomical patterns of neck muscles. Dissection was made from the surface to the deep plane, and the muscle distribution was as follow: cutaneous muscles, superficial plane esqueletics muscles, dorsal and lateral deep esqueletics muscles, deep ventral esqueletics muscles, hyoid muscles, laryngeal muscles, pharyngeal muscles and extrinsic head muscles. The study highlighted some specific species characteristics. The division between cleidobraquial and cleidocervical portions of braquiocefalic muscle, and the division between cervical and toracic portions of trapecius muscle were missing. The origen of the esternocephalic and esternohioideus muscles was the same; the origin of the omohioideus muscle was in the aponeurotic of the cleidomastoideus muscle (braquiocefalic); the pharyngeal muscles are only one portion; and the intertransversarius muscles have eight dorsal portions and seven ventral portions. Other muscles have the same characteristic commonly described for domestic mammals.