Efficacy and safety of morphine and methadone as analgesics in a balanced anaesthetic protocol in rabbits

Authors

  • Camila Vieira Nobre Instituto de Ciências Agrarias, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Unaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9558-3453
  • Ricardo A. R. Uscategui Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-8631
  • Jorge Noriega Centro de Investigación el Nus, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Corregimiento San José del Nus, San Roque, Antioquia, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-6424
  • Beatriz Gasser Departamento de Patobiologia Veterinária e Teriogenologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista «Júlio de Mesquita Filho» (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1551-8369
  • Josiane Morais Pazzini Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, União das Faculdades dos Grandes Lagos, São Paulo, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5406-5825
  • Vívian Tavares de Almeida Departamento de Patobiologia Veterinária e Teriogenologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista «Júlio de Mesquita Filho» (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-3448
  • Andrigo Barboza de Nardi Departamento de Patobiologia Veterinária e Teriogenologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista «Júlio de Mesquita Filho» (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6463-2144
  • James Newton de Andrade Instituto de Ciências Agrarias, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Unaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-6809

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v33i4.23358

Keywords:

analgesia, analgesic rescue, methadone, morphine, respiratory depression

Abstract

The efficacy of preventive analgesia and the cardiopulmonary effects of morphine or methadone in rabbits undergoing experimental skin surgery were evaluated and compared. Thirty-six rabbits were randomly assigned to three experimental groups: Control, Morphine, and Methadone. The rabbits received midazolam 1 mg/kg IM associated with: placebo (NaCl 0.9%) 0.05 ml/kg, methadone 0.5 mg/kg or morphine 0.5 mg/kg, depending on the experimental group. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane. Heart (HR) and respiratory (fR) rates, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and body temperature were assessed every 10 minutes. Electrocardiographic examination was performed after sedation, in the trans and immediate postoperative period. After procedure, the control group received tramadol 5 mg/kg IV. Postoperative analgesia was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Von-Frey filament stimulation responses. All variables were compared between groups by ANOVA or Friedman. Methadone and morphine caused an increase in MAP (p=0.0112) and a decrease in HR (p=0.0001). fR and SpO2 were reduced in the methadone group (p=0.0100). The response to Von-Frey filaments (p=0.6824) and VAS (p=0.7661) were similar between treatments, however, the control group presented a higher proportion of analgesic rescue (33%) compared to morphine (19%) and methadone (12%). Electrocardiographic variables were similar between treatments (p>0.05). In conclusion, preventive treatment with morphine or methadone was effective in controlling trans and postoperative pain in rabbits, and its cardiovascular effects were limited; however, methadone caused marked respiratory depression.

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Published

2022-08-31

Issue

Vol. 33 No. 4 (2022)

Section

Artículos Primarios

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Camila Vieira Nobre, Ricardo A. R. Uscategui, Jorge Noriega, Beatriz Gasser, Josiane Morais Pazzini, Vívian Tavares de Almeida, Andrigo Barboza de Nardi, James Newton de Andrade

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

AUTHORS RETAIN THEIR RIGHTS:

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b. Authors retain their right to share, copy, distribute, perform and publicly communicate their article (eg, to place their article in an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in the Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú (RIVEP).

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How to Cite

Vieira Nobre, C., Uscategui, R. A. R., Noriega, J., Gasser, B., Morais Pazzini, J., Tavares de Almeida, V., Barboza de Nardi, A., & Newton de Andrade, J. (2022). Efficacy and safety of morphine and methadone as analgesics in a balanced anaesthetic protocol in rabbits. Revista De Investigaciones Veterinarias Del Perú, 33(4), e23358. https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v33i4.23358