Mild cognitive impairment: where does normal ageing end and where dementia begins?

Authors

  • Nilton Custodio Unidad de Diagnóstico de Deterioro Cognitivo y Prevención de Demencia, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú; Unidad de Investigación, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú; Servicio de Neurología, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú
  • Eder Herrera Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú.
  • David Lira Unidad de Diagnóstico de Deterioro Cognitivo y Prevención de Demencia, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú; Unidad de Investigación, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú; Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú.
  • Rosa Montesinos Unidad de Diagnóstico de Deterioro Cognitivo y Prevención de Demencia, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú; Unidad de Investigación, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú; Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú.
  • Julio Linares Unidad de Diagnóstico de Deterioro Cognitivo y Prevención de Demencia, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Militar Central, Lima, Perú.
  • Liliana Bendezú Unidad de Diagnóstico de Deterioro Cognitivo y Prevención de Demencia, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Perú; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Militar Central, Lima, Perú.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15381/anales.v73i4.1032

Keywords:

Mild cognitive impairment, dementia, Alzheimer disease

Abstract

Due to the increasing prevalence of dementia in the world we must put special attention to diagnostic evaluation of pre-dementia stages. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) could be considered an early stage of dementia, particularly of Alzheimer's disease (AD), so we consider important proper diagnosis using reliable and sensitive tools and techniques in order to discriminate subjects with normal and pathological aging. Epidemiological studies show high prevalence of MCI in the general population as well as progression of MCI to dementia and AD, especially in subjects with amnesia type MCI. Age, APOE-ε4 carrier status, hippocampus atrophy by MRI, and presence of certain biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid can influence conversion. Evaluation of patients with MCI suspicion should be the same used in suspicion of dementia and AD. Neuropsychological assessment is the only test confirming diagnosis and helps making a proper classification of MCI subtypes: amnesic, multidomain and non-amnesic single domain.

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Published

2012-12-31

Issue

Vol. 73 No. 4 (2012)

Section

Artículos de Revisión

License

Copyright (c) 2012 Nilton Custodio, Eder Herrera, David Lira, Rosa Montesinos, Julio Linares, Liliana Bendezú

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How to Cite

1.
Custodio N, Herrera E, Lira D, Montesinos R, Linares J, Bendezú L. Mild cognitive impairment: where does normal ageing end and where dementia begins?. An Fac med [Internet]. 2012 Dec. 31 [cited 2024 Aug. 16];73(4):321-30. Available from: https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/anales/article/view/1032