Characterization of polycrystalline samples for archaeological purposes by X-ray diffraction kinematics and Rietveld refinement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15381/rif.v27i1.28010Keywords:
Clay, pigment, X-ray diffraction, Rietveld methodAbstract
Geological clay samples from the Moche Valley were investigated with the aim of continuing to develop a clay database that can be contrasted with the mineralogical composition of archaeological samples. A study of white mural pigments is part of this research, for preservation and enhancement purposes. In both cases, the objective was to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the mineralogical composition of the materials, applying X-ray diffraction. The diffraction measurements were analyzed by Rietveld refinement to determine the weight percentage of the previously identified phases. From the identification, the geological clay samples presented phases of quartz and various clays, particularly anorthite as the majority phase; Albita was also identified. The presence of these last two phases could be an indicator to determine the origin of the materials used in the production and preparation of archaeological ceramics. On the other hand, quartz, clay, calcite, gypsum and halite phases were identified in all pigment samples; calcite and gypsum would be responsible for the color in the pigments, while halite would be an external pollutant from the sea breeze.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Frank Moya , Luis Lizarraga , Elvira Zeballos-Velásquez, Gabriel Prieto , Esteban Asto , Miguel Andía
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