Cumulative incidence and spatial-temporal distribution of malaria in Peru for the period 2000 to 2022

Authors

  • Guido Enrique Díaz Salazar Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6431-6201
  • Rodrigo Rafael Vidarte Cano Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
  • Juan Manuel Guerra Cabrera Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
  • Jose Masayoshi Segami Makiya Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
  • Claudia Andrea Rojas Ramos Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3990-5729
  • Joaquín Rodrigo Romero Espinoza Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
  • Oscar Renzo Molina Rosas Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
  • Ricardo Carlos Medrano Colmenares Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1692-4852

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15381/anales.v85i4.29502

Keywords:

Malaria, Plasmodium, Incidence, Peru, Epidemiology

Abstract

Introduction. Malaria is a metaxenic disease caused by Plasmodium spp., of which the most prevalent species in Peru are P. vivax and P. falciparum. In Peru, 22 617 malaria cases were reported in 2023. Objective. To describe the evolution of malaria cases in Peru between 2000 and 2022, characterize the population and estimate the cumulative incidence (CI) for the periods 2000-2005, 2006-2011, 2012-2017, and 2018-2022. Methods. This was a descriptive observational longitudinal secondary source design, using the "Malaria Epidemiological Surveillance" database. The CI was calculated using the database and the annual estimated population by departments provided by the National Institute of Statistics and Information. The study covered the entire Peruvian territory and analyzed individual malaria cases. Results. The CI of malaria per 1000 inhabitants in the department of Loreto was higher compared to other departments across all periods, reaching a peak of 51,84 in the 2012-2017 period (6,28, 12,45, 51,84, and 22,93 in the periods 2000-2005, 2006-2011, 2012-2017, and 2018-2022, respectively). Madre de Dios exhibited a peak in incidence, reaching 9,77 cases per 1,000 inhabitants during the 2006-2011 period, which subsequently decreased to 1,13 in the 2012-2017 period. Meanwhile, Amazonas recorded an uptrend in incidence per 1,000 inhabitants during the 2018-2022 period, attaining 3,02. Conclusion. Loreto was the department with the highest risk of malaria infection throughout the periods 2000-2005, 2006-2011, 2012-2017, and 2018-2022.

Author Biographies

  • Guido Enrique Díaz Salazar, Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru

    Estudiante de medicina humana.

  • Rodrigo Rafael Vidarte Cano, Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru

    Estudiante de medicina humana. 

  • Juan Manuel Guerra Cabrera, Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru

    Estudiante de medicina humana.

  • Jose Masayoshi Segami Makiya, Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru

    Estudiante de medicina humana.

  • Claudia Andrea Rojas Ramos, Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru

    Estudiante de medicina humana.

  • Joaquín Rodrigo Romero Espinoza, Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru

    Estudiante de medicina humana.

  • Oscar Renzo Molina Rosas, Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru

    Estudiante de medicina humana.

  • Ricardo Carlos Medrano Colmenares, Universidad de Piura, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru

    Magister en epidemiología.

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Published

2024-12-31

Issue

Vol. 85 No. 4 (2024)

Section

Artículo Original

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How to Cite

1.
Díaz Salazar GE, Vidarte Cano RR, Guerra Cabrera JM, Segami Makiya JM, Rojas Ramos CA, Romero Espinoza JR, et al. Cumulative incidence and spatial-temporal distribution of malaria in Peru for the period 2000 to 2022. An Fac med [Internet]. 2024 Dec. 31 [cited 2025 Jun. 19];85(4):414-20. Available from: https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/anales/article/view/29502