Design of a Lexical Knowledge Assessment Instrument for Chilean Sign Language: Focus on Receptive and Expressive Skills
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15381/lengsoc.v23i1.27540Keywords:
sign language, linguistic assessment, linguistic development, educational inclusion, interculturalAbstract
Creating specific language assessment instruments for sign language is crucial to promote equity and access for deaf people, both in education and other areas where evaluating deaf language proficiency is required. In addition, they contribute to the recognition and valuation of this language as a legitimate linguistic system, in line with the Chilean language and cultural policy for the inclusion of deaf people. These instruments should consider the visuospatial characteristics of sign language, ensuring a fair and accurate assessment. Since in Chile there are no instruments to evaluate Chilean Sign Language (LSCh), we propose the first linguistic evaluation for this language. Therefore, this paper focuses on explaining the design of a lexical knowledge assessment instrument for LSCh users, both for receptive and expressive skills, and presents preliminary qualitative results after its application in Deaf students in a bicultural/bilingual school. Based on international evidence and the Chilean cultural framework, two assessment tasks are described, one for receptive-comprehensive lexical knowledge and the other for expressive vocabulary skills in LSCh. Also, challenges and suggestions are shared to enrich future instruments and to promote the development of linguistic and educational resources that will contribute to the design of more effective educational interventions.
References
Anderson, D. y Reilly, J. (2002). The MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory: Normative Data for American Sign Language. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 7(2), 83-106. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/7.2.83
Capirci, O., Bonsignori, C. y Di Renzo, A. (2022). Signed Languages: A Triangular Semiotic Dimension. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.802911
Brentari, D. (2019). Sign Language Acquisition. En Sign Language Phonology (1.ª ed., pp. 200-240). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316286401
Biemiller, A. (2006). Vocabulary Development and Instruction: A Prerequisite for School Learning. En S. Neuman y D. K. Dickinson (Eds.). Handbook of Early Literacy Research (Vol. 2, pp. 41-51). Guilford Press.
Bogliotti, C., Aksen, H. y Isel. F. (2020). Experiencia lingüística en el desarrollo de LSF: evidencia conductual de una tarea de repetición de oraciones. MÁS UNO, 15(11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236729
Caselli, N. K., Lieberman, A. M., y Pyers, J. E. (2020). The ASL-CDI 2.0: An updated, normed adaptation of the MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventory for American Sign Language. Behavior Research Methods, 52(5), 2071-2084. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01376-6
Naciones Unidas. (2006). Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad. https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/crpd_SP.pdf
Costello, B., Fotinea, E., Herrmann, A., Sapountzaki, G. y Sverrisdóttir, R. (Eds.). (2017). Chapter 1: The Native Lexicon. En En J. Quer, C. Cecchetto, C. Donati, C. Geraci, M. Kelepir, R. Pfau y M. Steinbach (Eds.), SignGram Blueprint. Part 3: Lexicon (pp. 76-93). De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501511806-001
Crasborn, O., Mesch, J., Waters, D., Nonhebel, A., Van der Kooij, E., Woll, B. y Bergmann, B. (2007). Sharing sign language data online: Experiences from the ECHO project. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 12(4). 535-562. https://doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.12.4.06cra
Dunn, L. M. (1986). TVIP: Test de vocabulario en imágenes Peabody adaptación hispanoamericana [Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test: Hispanic-American Adaptation]. American Guidance Service.
Echeverría, M. S., Herrera, M. O. y Segure, J. T. (2002). Test de Vocabulario en Imágenes TEVI-R. Ediciones Universidad de Concepción.
Enns, C., Kolbe, V. y Becker, C. (2021). Challenges and solutions in test adaption: Comparing international experiences with the British Sign Language Production Test (Narrative Skills). Sign Language & Linguistics, 24(2), 226-258. https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.20010.enn
Fenson, L., Dale, P. S., Reznick, J. S., Bates, E., Thal, D. J., Pethick, S. J., Tomasello, M., Mervis, C. B. y Stiles, J. (1994). Variability in Early Communicative Development. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59(5), 1-185. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1166093?origin=crossref
Graesser, A. C., McNamara, D. S., Cai, Z., Conley, M., Li, H. y Pennebaker, J. (2014). Coh Metrix Measures Text Characteristics at Multiple Levels of Language and Discourse. The Elementary School Journal, 115(2), 210-229. https://doi.org/10.1086/678293
Haug, T. (2011). Adaptation and Evaluation of a German Sign Language Test—A Computer-Based Receptive Skills Test for Deaf Children Ages 4–8 Years Old. Hamburg University Press.
Herman, R., Holmes, S. y Woll, B. (1999). Assessing British Sign Language Development: Receptive Skills Test. Forest Bookshop.
Herman, R. y Rowley, K. (2022). Assessments of Sign Language Development: New Insights. Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja, 58, 98-108. https://doi.org/10.31299/hrri.58.si.5
Hermans, D., Knoors, H. y Verhoeven, L. (2010). Assessment of Sign Language Development: The Case of Deaf Children in the Netherlands. The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 15(2), 107-119. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enp030
Herrera, V., Lissi, M. R. y Villavicencio, C. (2022). Educación, Lengua de Señas Chilena y español como segunda lengua. En V. Herrera (Coord.), Educación y lengua de señas chilena: desde la experiencia sorda a la interculturalidad y el bilingüismo. Educación y lengua de señas chilena (pp. 123-152). Santiago.
Humphries, T., Kushalnagar, P., Mathur, G., Napoli, D. J., Padden, C. y Rathmann, C. (2014). Ensuring language acquisition for deaf children: What linguists can do. Language, 90(2), 31-52.
Johnston, T. y Schembri, A. (1999). On Defining Lexeme in a Signed Language. Sign Language & Linguistics, 2(2), 115-185. https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.2.2.03joh
Kanto, L., Syrjälä, H. y Mann, W. (2021). Assessing Vocabulary in Deaf and Hearing Children using Finnish Sign Language. The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 26(1), 147-158. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enaa032
Kotowicz, J., Woll, B. y Herman, R. (2020). Adaptation of the British Sign Language Receptive Skills Test into Polish Sign Language. Language Testing, 38(1), 132-153. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532220924598
Ladd, P. (2003). Understanding Deaf Culture: In Search of Deafhood. Multilingual Matters.
Mann, W. y Marshall, C. (2012). Investigating Deaf Children’s Vocabulary Knowledge in British Sign Language: Vocabulary Development in Sign Language. Language Learning, 62(4), 1024-1051. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2011.00670.x
Mann, W., Roy, P. y Marshall, C. (2013). A Look at the Other 90 Per Cent: Investigating British Sign Language Vocabulary Knowledge in Deaf Children from Different Language Learning Backgrounds. Deafness & Education International, 15(2), 91-116. https://doi.org/10.1179/1557069X12Y.0000000017
Mann, W., Roy, P. y Morgan, G. (2016). Adaptation of a vocabulary test from British Sign Language to American Sign Language. Language Testing, 33(1), 3-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532215575627
Ministerio de Educación de Chile (2022). Orientaciones técnicas para establecimientos educacionales con estudiantes sordos. https://bit.ly/4aU5kx9
Rinaldi, P. y Caselli. M. C. (2014). Language development in a bimodal bilingual child with cochlear implant: A longitudinal study. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 17(4), 798-809. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728913000849
Otárola, F., Pérez, A., Álvarez, M. y Ortiz, N. (2020). Construcción verbal en narraciones de estudiantes sordos, usuarios de la lengua de señas chilena. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 25(2), 395-416. https://www.redalyc.org/journal/2550/255066610007/html/
Otárola, F., y Álvarez, M. (2022). Lingüística y Lengua de Señas Chilena. En V. Herrera (Coord.), Educación y lengua de señas chilena: desde la experiencia sorda a la interculturalidad y el bilingüismo (pp. 95-122). Santiago.
Orellana-García, P., Valenzuela-Hasenohr, M. F., Kung, M., Elmore, J. y Stenner, A. J. (2020). EVOC: un Instrumento para Evaluar Vocabulario en español en Chile. Magis, Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación, 13, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.m13.eiev
Pichler, D. C., Hochgesang, J. A., Lillo-Martin, D., De Quadros, R. M. y Reynolds, W. (2016). Best Practices for Building a Bimodal/Bilingual Child Language Corpus. Sign Language Studies, 16(3), 361-388. https://doi.org/10.1353/sls.2016.0007
Quer, J. y Steinbach, M. (2019). Handling sign language data: The impact of modality. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00483
Ramírez, N. F., Lieberman, A. M. y Mayberry, R. I. (2013). The initial stages of first-language acquisition begun in adolescence: When late looks early*. Journal of Child Language, 40(2), 391-414. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000911000535
Sehyr, Z. S. y Emmorey, K. (2022). The effects of multiple linguistic variables on picture naming in American Sign Language. Behavior Research Methods, 54(5), 2502-2521. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01751-x
Valmaseda, M. y Pérez, M. (2019). Evaluación de la LSE. Cuatro pruebas en desarrollo: Inventario MacArthur-Bates (CDI), prueba de vocabulario, RST-test de habilidades receptivas y PT-test de habilidades narrativas. En E. Morales López y M. J. Jarque Moyano (Eds.), Revista de Estudios de Lenguas de Signos REVLES: Aspectos lingüísticos y de adquisición de las lenguas de signo (pp. 209-237). https://revles.es/index.php/revles/article/view/25/11
Woolfe, T., Herman, R., Roy, P. y Woll, B. (2010). Early vocabulary development in deaf native signers: A British Sign Language adaptation of the communicative development inventories. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(3), 322-331. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02151.x
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Fabiola Otárola Cornejo, Martín Álvarez Cruz, Paula Ortúzar Prado

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
AUTHORS RETAIN THEIR RIGHTS
a. Authors retain their trade mark rights and patent, and also on any process or procedure described in the article.
b. Authors can submit to the journal Lengua y Sociedad, papers disseminated as pre-print in repositories. This should be made known in the cover letter.
c. Authors retain their right to share, copy, distribute, perform and publicly communicate their article (eg, to place their article in an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in the journal Lengua y Sociedad.
d. Authors retain theirs right to make a subsequent publication of their work, to use the article or any part thereof (eg a compilation of his papers, lecture notes, thesis, or a book), always indicating its initial publication in the journal Lengua y Sociedad (the originator of the work, journal, volume, number and date).