Prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with cleft lip alveolus and palate treated at Institute Specialized on Children’s Health Lima Perú

Abstract

The Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies in patients with cleft lip alveolus and palate (CLAP) were studied using panoramic x-rays of 129 children (79 boys and 50 girls), 6 to 12 year old belonging the Institute specialized on Children’s Health, Lima - Perú, during 2005 to 2008. Hypodontia prevalence of 86.8% and supernumerary teeth prevalence in the 49.6% was found in the population. Both anomalies were simultaneously found in 43.4%. The studied population showed 78 patients with unilateral CLAP (60.5%) and 51 with bilateral CLAP (39.5%). According to the relationship between hypodontia distribution and gender, 68 cases (60.7%) were boys and 44 girls (39.3%); whereas in the supernumerary teeth, 42 cases (65.6%) boys and 22 cases were girls (34,4%). Comparing frequency of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth with the type of cleft, the most affected group was the bilateral CLAP group with 48 cases (42.9%) and 27 (42.2%) respectively, whereas the group of unilateral left CLAP was the one which were more affected in both dental anomalies. Hypodontia appeared mainly in the opposed side to the cleft (96,4%) whereas supernumerary teeth are observed generally in the cleft side (92,2%). 41 children shown hypodontia in one tooth (36.6%) and 34 children showed only 2 (30.4%), being more affected the maxillary lateral incisor (92,9%) and maxillary second premolar (38.4%). Most of the patients (60.9%) had 1 supernumerary tooth and 23 patients (35.9%) had 2 supernumerary teeth; placed frequently in between the maxillary lateral incisor and maxillary canine, appearing generally non erupted (79.7%). Most of the supernumerary teeth had a non typical shape.