Caracterización de consorcios microbianos lixiviantes de sulfuro de cobre aislados de drenajes ácidos de minas altoandinas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v30i3.25317Palabras clave:
biolixiviación, consorcios lixiviantes, psicrotolerantes, cobre, Mineria altoandinaResumen
La biolixiviación, usando consorcios microbianos, es considera una alternativa ecoeficiente y de bajo costo para la recuperación de metales a partir de minerales de baja ley. En este estudio, se realizó la caracterización fisiológica y molecular de consorcios microbianos psicrotolerantes lixiviantes (CMPL), aislados de drenajes ácidos de minas de cuatro localidades mineras de las provincias de Pasco y Huarochirí, Perú, ubicados sobre los 4200 m de altitud. Se aislaron seis consorcios adaptados a medio 9K con ion ferroso y medio basal 9K con CuS al 0.5% p/v a 15 °C. Se evidenció la liberación de cobre en todos los consorcios. El CMPL con mejor crecimiento, presentó una recuperación de cobre de 12.47% en 30 días de evaluación. Los análisis de la secuenciación del gen ARNr 16S de la comunidad bacteriana, mostraron que los CMPL están dominados por el género Acidithiobacillus, seguido de Acidiphilium. En conclusión, se obtuvieron consorcios que pueden ser aplicados en biolixiviación de cobre en la minería altoandina.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Sofia Rodriguez-Venturo, Josemaría Herrera-Quiñonez, César Bryan Reyes-Moreno, Jaime Antezana-Mejía, Julio Calderón-Alzamora , Pablo Ramírez
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